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Very Low Power Consumption High Gain Optocouplers Technical Data
HCPL-4701 HCPL-4731 HCPL-070A HCPL-073A
Features
* Ultra Low Input Current Capability - 40 A * Specified for 3 V Operation Typical Power Consumption: <1 mW Input Power: <50 W Output Power: <500 W * Will Operate with VCC as Low as 1.6 V * High Current Transfer Ratio - 3500% at IF = 40 A * TTL and CMOS Compatible Output * Specified AC and DC Performance over Temperature: 0C to 70C * Safety Approval UL Recognized - 2500 V rms for 1 Minute and 5000 V rms* for 1 minute per UL1577 CSA Approved VDE 0884 Approved with VIORM = 630 V peak (Option 060) for HCPL-4701 * 8-Pin Product Compatible with 6N138/6N139 and HCPL-2730/HCPL-2731 * Available in 8-Pin DIP and SOIC-8 Footprint * Through Hole and Surface Mount Assembly Available
Applications
* Battery Operated Applications * ISDN Telephone Interface * Ground Isolation between Logic Families - TTL, LSTTL, CMOS, HCMOS, HL-CMOS, LV-HCMOS * Low Input Current Line Receiver
* EIA RS-232C Line Receiver * Telephone Ring Detector * AC Line Voltage Status Indicator - Low Input Power Dissipation * Low Power Systems - Ground Isolation * Portable System I/O Interface
Functional Diagram
HCPL-4701/070A NC 1 ANODE 2 CATHODE 3 NC 4 8 VCC 7 VB 6 VO 5 GND ANODE 1 1 CATHODE 1 2 CATHODE 2 3 ANODE 2 4 HCPL-4731/073A 8 VCC 7 VO1 6 VO2 5 GND
TRUTH TABLE LED VO ON LOW OFF HIGH
*5000 V rms/1 Minute rating is for Option 020 (HCPL-4701 and HCPL-4731) products only. A 0.1 F bypass capacitor connected between pins 8 and 5 is recommended.
CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD.
2
Description
These devices are very low power consumption, high gain single and dual channel optocouplers. The HCPL-4701 represents the single channel 8-Pin DIP configuration and is pin compatible with the industry standard 6N139. The HCPL-4731 represents the dual channel 8-Pin DIP configuration and is pin compatible with the popular standard HCPL-2731. The HCPL-070A and HCPL-073A are the equivalent single and dual channel products in an SO-8 footprint. Each channel can be driven with an input current as low as 40 A and has a typical current transfer ratio of 3500%.
These high gain couplers use an AlGaAs LED and an integrated high gain photodetector to provide an extremely high current transfer ratio between input and output. Separate pins for the photodiode and output stage results in TTL compatible saturation voltages and high speed operation. Where desired, the VCC and VO terminals may be tied together to achieve conventional Darlington operation (single channel package only). These devices are designed for use in CMOS, LSTTL or other low power applications. They are
especially well suited for ISDN telephone interface and battery operated applications due to the low power consumption. A 700% minimum current transfer ratio is guaranteed from 0C to 70C operating temperature range at 40 A of LED current and VCC 3 V. The SO-8 does not require "through holes" in a PCB. This package occupies approximately one-third the footprint area of the standard dual-in-line package. The lead profile is designed to be compatible with standard surface mount processes.
Selection Guide
8-Pin DIP (300 Mil) Dual Single Channel Channel Package Package HCPL6N139[1] 6N138[1] HCPL-4701 2731[1] 2730[1] 4731 Widebody Package (400 mil) Single Channel Package HCNW139[1] HCNW138[1] Minimum Input ON Current (IF ) 0.5 mA 1.6 mA 40 A 0.5 mA Absolute Maximum VCC 18 V 7V 18 V 20 V 5701[1] 5700[1] 5731[1] 5730[1] Hermetic Single and Dual Channel Packages HCPL-
Small Outline SO-8 Single Dual Channel Channel Package Package HCPLHCPL0701[1] 0700[1] 070A 0731[1] 0730[1] 0730A
Minimum CTR 400% 300% 800% 300%
Notes: 1. Technical data are on separate Agilent publication.
Ordering Information
Specify Part Number followed by Option Number (if desired). Example: HCPL-4701#XXX 020 = 5000 V rms/1 minute UL Rating Option.** 060 = VDE 0884 VIORM = 630 V peak Option 300 = Gull Wing Surface Mount Option.* 500 = Tape and Reel Packaging Option.
*Gull wing surface mount option applies to through hole parts only. **For HCPL-4701 and HCPL-4731 (8-Pin DIP products) only. For HCPL-4701 only. Combination of Option 020 and Option 060 is not available.
Option data sheets available. Contact your Agilent sales representative or authorized distributor for information.
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Schematic
HCPL-4701 and HCPL-070A
VCC 8 ICC 2 ANODE + VF CATHODE - 3 IO 6 IF
VO
IB VB
7 5 GND
SHIELD
HCPL-4731 and HCPL-073A
1 + VF1 I F1 I CC 8 VCC
- 2
I O1 VO1 7
3 - VF2 I O2 6 VO2
+ 4 I F2 GND 5 SHIELD USE OF A 0.1 F BYPASS CAPACITOR CONNECTED BETWEEN PINS 5 AND 8 IS RECOMMENDED (SEE NOTE 8)
4
Package Outline Drawings
8-Pin DIP Package (HCPL-4701, HCPL-4731)
7.62 0.25 (0.300 0.010) 5 OPTION CODE* A XXXXZ YYWW 1 1.19 (0.047) MAX. 2 3 4 1.78 (0.070) MAX. + 0.076 0.254 - 0.051 + 0.003) (0.010 - 0.002) DATE CODE 6.35 0.25 (0.250 0.010)
9.65 0.25 (0.380 0.010) TYPE NUMBER 8 7 6
5 TYP. 4.70 (0.185) MAX.
0.51 (0.020) MIN. 2.92 (0.115) MIN. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS AND (INCHES). *MARKING CODE LETTER FOR OPTION NUMBERS "L" = OPTION 020 "V" = OPTION 060 OPTION NUMBERS 300 AND 500 NOT MARKED.
1.080 0.320 (0.043 0.013)
0.65 (0.025) MAX. 2.54 0.25 (0.100 0.010)
8-Pin DIP Package with Gull Wing Surface Mount Option 300 (HCPL-4701, HCPL-4731)
PAD LOCATION (FOR REFERENCE ONLY) 9.65 0.25 (0.380 0.010)
8 7 6 5
1.016 (0.040) 1.194 (0.047)
4.826 TYP. (0.190) 6.350 0.25 (0.250 0.010) 9.398 (0.370) 9.906 (0.390)
1
2
3
4
1.194 (0.047) 1.778 (0.070) 1.780 (0.070) MAX. 9.65 0.25 (0.380 0.010) 7.62 0.25 (0.300 0.010)
0.381 (0.015) 0.635 (0.025)
1.19 (0.047) MAX.
4.19 MAX. (0.165)
+ 0.076 0.254 - 0.051 + 0.003) (0.010 - 0.002)
1.080 0.320 (0.043 0.013) 0.635 0.130 2.54 (0.025 0.005) (0.100) BSC DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES). LEAD COPLANARITY = 0.10 mm (0.004 INCHES).
0.635 0.25 (0.025 0.010)
12 NOM.
5
Small-Outline SO-8 Package (HCPL-070A, HCPL-073A)
8
7
6
5
3.937 0.127 (0.155 0.005)
XXX YWW
5.994 0.203 (0.236 0.008) TYPE NUMBER (LAST 3 DIGITS) DATE CODE
4
PIN ONE 1 0.406 0.076 (0.016 0.003)
2
3
1.270 BSG (0.050) * 5.080 0.127 (0.200 0.005) 7 0.432 (0.017)
45 X
3.175 0.127 (0.125 0.005)
0 ~ 7 1.524 (0.060) 0.203 0.102 (0.008 0.004)
0.228 0.025 (0.009 0.001)
* TOTAL PACKAGE LENGTH (INCLUSIVE OF MOLD FLASH)
5.207 0.254 (0.205 0.010) DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES). LEAD COPLANARITY = 0.10 mm (0.004 INCHES) MAX.
0.305 MIN. (0.012)
Solder Reflow Temperature Profile
260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 T = 145C, 1C/SEC T = 115C, 0.3C/SEC
TEMPERATURE - C
T = 100C, 1.5C/SEC
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
TIME - MINUTES
Note: Use of nonchlorine activated fluxes is highly recommended.
Figure 1. Solder Reflow Thermal Profile (HCPL-070A, HCPL-073A, and Gull Wing Surface Mount Option 300 Parts).
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Regulatory Information
The HCPL-4701/4731 and HCPL070A/073A have been approved by the following organizations: UL Recognized under UL 1577, Component Recognition Program, File E55361.
CSA Approved under CSA Component Acceptance Notice #5, File CA 88324. VDE Approved according to VDE 0884/06.92 (Option 060 only).
Insulation Related Specifications
8-Pin DIP (300 Mil) SO-8 Symbol Value Value Units L(101) 7.1 4.9 mm
Parameter Minimum External Air Gap (External Clearance) Minimum External Tracking (External Creepage) Minimum Internal Plastic Gap (Internal Clearance)
L(102)
7.4
4.8
mm
0.08
0.08
mm
Tracking Resistance (Comparative Tracking Index) Isolation Group
CTI
200
200
Volts
Conditions Measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance through air. Measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance path along body. Through insulation distance, conductor to conductor, usually the direct distance between the photoemitter and photodetector inside the optocoupler cavity. DIN IEC 112/ VDE 0303 Part 1
IIIa
IIIa
Material Group DIN VDE 0110, 1/89, Table 1)
Option 300 - surface mount classification is Class A in accordance with CECC 00802.
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VDE 0884 Insulation Related Characteristics (HCPL-4701 OPTION 060 ONLY)
Description Installation classification per DIN VDE 0110/1.89, Table 1 for rated mains voltage 300 V rms for rated mains voltage 450 V rms Climatic Classification Pollution Degree (DIN VDE 0110/1.89) Maximum Working Insulation Voltage Input to Output Test Voltage, Method b* VIORM x 1.87 = VPR, 100% Production Test with tm = 1 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC Input to Output Test Voltage, Method a* VIORM x 1.5 = VPR, Type and sample test, tm = 60 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC Highest Allowable Overvoltage* (Transient Overvoltage, tini = 10 sec) Safety Limiting Values (Maximum values allowed in the event of a failure, also see Figure 16, Thermal Derating curve.) Case Temperature Input Current Output Power Insulation Resistance at TS, VIO = 500 V Symbol Characteristic I-IV I-III 55/85/21 2 630 1181 Units
VIORM VPR
V peak V peak
VPR
945
V peak
VIOTM
6000
V peak
TS IS,INPUT PS,OUTPUT RS
175 230 600 >109
C mA mW
*Refer to the front of the optocoupler section of the current catalog, under Product Safety Regulations section, (VDE 0884) for a detailed description. Note: Isolation characteristics are guaranteed only within the safety maximum ratings which must be ensured by protective circuits in application.
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Absolute Maximum Ratings
(No Derating Required up to 70C) Parameter Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Average Forward Input Current (HCPL-4701/4731) Average Forward Input Current (HCPL-070A/073A) Peak Transient Input Current (HCPL-4701/4731) (50% Duty Cycle, 1 ms Pulse Width) Peak Transient Input Current (HCPL-070A/073A) (50% Duty Cycle, 1 ms Pulse Width) Reverse Input Voltage Input Power Dissipation (Each Channel) Output Current (Each Channel) Emitter Base Reverse Voltage (HCPL-4701/070A) Output Transistor Base Current (HCPL-4701/070A) Supply Voltage Output Voltage Output Power Dissipation (Each Channel) Total Power Dissipation (Each Channel) Lead Solder Temperature (for Through Hole Devices) Reflow Temperature Profile (for SOIC-8 and Option #300) Symbol TS TA IF(AVG) IF(AVG) IFPK IFPK VR PI IO VEB IB VCC VO PO PT -0.5 -0.5 Minimum -55 -40 Maximum 125 85 10 5 20 10 2.5 15 60 0.5 5 18 18 100 115 Units C C mA mA mA mA V mW mA V mA V V mW mW
260C for 10 sec., 1.6 mm below seating plane See Package Outline Drawings section
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter Power Supply Voltage Forward Input Current (ON) Forward Input Voltage (OFF) Operating Temperature
*See Note 1.
Symbol VCC* IF(ON) VF(OFF) TA
Min. 1.6 40 0 0
Max. 18 5000 0.8 70
Units V A V C
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Electrical Specifications
0C TA 70C, 4.5 V VCC 20 V, 1.6 mA IF(ON) 5 mA, 0 V VF(OFF) 0.8 V, unless otherwise specified. All Typicals at TA = 25C. See note 8. Parameter Current Transfer Ratio Symbol CTR Device HCPLMin. Typ.* Max. Units Test Conditions 800 3500 25k % IF = 40 A, VO = 0.4 V VCC = 4.5 V 600 3000 8k IF = 0.5 mA, VCC = 4.5 V 700 3200 25k IF = 40 A 500 2700 8k IF = 0.5 mA 0.06 0.4 V IF = 40 A, IO = 280 A 0.04 0.4 IF = 0.5 mA, IO = 2.5 mA 0.01 5 A VO = VCC = 3 to 7 V, IF = 0 mA 0.02 80 VO = VCC = 18 V, IF = 0 mA 0.02 0.2 mA IF = 40 A VO = Open 0.1 1 IF = 0.5 mA 0.04 0.4 IF = 40 A 0.2 2.0 IF = 0.5 mA <0.01 10 A IF = 0 mA VO = Open <0.01 20 1.1 1.25 1.4 V IF = 40 to 500 A, TA = 25C 0.95 1.5 IF = 40 to 500 A 3.0 2.5 -2.0 -1.6 18 pF 5.0 V IR = 100 A, T = 25C A IR = 100 A mV/C IF = 40 A IF = 0.5 mA f = 1 MHz, VF = 0 V Fig. Note 4, 5 2
Logic Low Output Voltage Logic High Output Current
VOL IOH
2, 3
Logic Low Supply Current
ICCL
4701/070A 4731/073A
Logic High Supply Current Input Forward Voltage
ICCH VF
4701/070A 4731/073A
6
Input Reverse BVR Breakdown Voltage Temperature VF /T A Coefficient of Forward Voltage Input Capacitance CIN
*All typical values at TA = 25C and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.
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Switching Specifications (AC)
Over Recommended Operating Conditions TA = 0C to 70C, VCC = 3 V to 18 V, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Propagation Delay Time to Logic Low at Output Propagation Delay Time to Logic High Output Symbol tPHL Device HCPLMin. Typ.* Max. Units 65 3 tPLH 70 34 4701/4731 070A/073A 1,000 10,000 500 25 30 500 60 90 130 V/s s s Test Conditions IF = 40 A, RL = 11 to 16 k, VCC = 3.3 to 5 V IF = 0.5 mA, TA = 25C RL = 4.7 k IF = 40 A, RL = 11 to 16 k, VCC = 3.3 to 5 V IF = 0.5 mA, TA = 25C RL = 4.7 k IF = 0 mA, RL = 4.7 to 11 k, VCM = 10 Vp-p, TA = 25C, Fig. Note 7, 9 9, 10
7, 9 9, 10
Common Mode |CMH| Transient Immunity at Logic High Output Common Mode |CML| Transient Immunity at Logic Low Output
8
6, 7
1,000 10,000
V/s
2,000
IF = 0.5 mA, RL = 4.7 to 11 k, |VCM| = 10 Vp-p, TA = 25C IF = 40 A, RL = 11 to 16 k, |VCM| = 10 Vp-p VCC = 3.3 to 5 V, TA = 25C
8
6, 7
*All typical values at TA = 25C and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.
Package Characteristics
Parameter Input-Output Momentary Withstand Voltage** Option 020 Resistance (Input-Output) Capacitance (Input-Output) Insulation Leakage Current (Input-Input) Resistance (Input-Input) Capacitance (Input-Input) RI-O CI-O II-I RI-I CI-I 4731 073A 4731 073A Device Symbol HCPL- Min. Typ.* Max. Units VISO 4701 4731 2500 5000 1012 0.6 0.005 1011 0.03 0.25 pF A pF f = 1 MHz 5 V rms Test Conditions RH 50%, t = 1 min., TA = 25C VI-O = 500 VDC RH 45% f = 1 MHz RH 45%, t = 5 s, VI-I = 500 VDC Fig. Note 3, 4 3, 4a 3 3 5
*All typical values at TA = 25C and VCC = 5 V. **The Input-Output Momentary Withstand Voltage is a dielectric voltage rating that should not be interpreted as an input-output continuous voltage rating. For the continuous voltage rating refer to the VDE 0884 Insulation Characteristics Table (if applicable), your equipment level safety specification or Agilent Application Note 1074 entitled "Optocoupler Input-Output Endurance Voltage."
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Notes: 1. Specification information is available form the factory for 1.6 V operation. Call your local field sales office for further information. 2. DC CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO is defined as the ratio of output collector current, I O, to the forward LED input current, IF , times 100%. 3. Device considered a two terminal device: pins 1, 2, 3, and 4 shorted together, and pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 shorted together. 4. In accordance with UL 1577, each optocoupler is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage 3000 VRMS for 1 second (leakage detection current limit, II-O 5 A. 4a. In accordance with UL 1577, each optocoupler is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage 6000 VRMS for 1 second (leakage
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IO - OUTPUT CURRENT - mA
detection current limit, I I-O 5 A. This test is performed before the 100% production test for partial discharge (Method b) shown in the VDE 0884 Insulation Characteristics Table. 5. Measured between pins 1 and 2 shorted together, and pins 3 and 4 shorted together. 6. Common transient immunity in a Logic High level is the maximum tolerable (positive) dVCM/dt on the leading edge of the common mode pulse, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic High state (i.e., VO > 2.0 V). Common transient immunity in a Logic Low level is he maximum tolerable (negative) dVCM /dt on the trailing edge of the common mode pulse, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic Low state (i.e., VO < 0.8 V).
7. In applications where dV/dt may exceed 50,000 V/s (such as static discharge) a series resistor, RCC, should be included to protect the detector IC form destructively high surge currents. The recommended value is RCC = 220 . 8. Use of a 0.1 F bypass capacitor connected between pins 8 and 5 adjacent to the device is recommended. 9. Pin 7 open for single channel product. 10. Use of resistor between pins 5 and 7 will decrease gain and delay time. Significant reduction in overall gain can occur when using resistor values below 47 k for single channel product. 11. The Applications Information section of this data sheet references the HCPL-47XX part family, but applies equally to the HCPL-070A and HCPL073A parts.
NORMALIZED CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO
7
IO - OUTPUT CURRENT - mA
24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 0
TA = 25C VCC = 5 V
IF
5 = 2.
mA
IF =
2.0 m
A
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
TA = 25C VCC = 5 V
IF = 250 A
IF = 200 A
1.25
1.0
IF =
1.5 m
A
IF = 150 A
IF = 100 A
25C 70C 0C
NORMALIZED IF = 40 A VO = 0.4 V VCC = 5 V
0.75
.0 m IF = 1
A
0.5
IF = 0.5 m
A
IF = 50 A
0.25
1.0 VO - OUTPUT VOLTAGE - V
2.0
0
1.0 VO - OUTPUT VOLTAGE - V
2.0
0 0.01
0.1
1.0
10
IF - FORWARD CURRENT - mA
Figure 2. DC Transfer Characteristics (IF = 0.5 mA to 2.5 mA).
Figure 3. DC Transfer Characteristics (I F = 50 A to 250 A).
Figure 4. Current Transfer Ratio vs. Forward Current.
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IO - OUTPUT CURRENT - mA
100
IF - FORWARD CURRENT - mA
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0.1
25C 70C 0C
IF 10 + VF -
IP - PROPAGATION DELAY - s
8
VO = 0.4 V VCC = 5 V
TA = 25C
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0
IF = 0.5 mA RL = 4.7 k
tPLH
1.0
0.1
tPHL 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.01 0.8 0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
IF - INPUT DIODE FORWARD CURRENT - mA
VF - FORWARD VOLTAGE
TA - TEMPERATURE - C
Figure 5. Output Current vs. Input Diode Forward Current.
Figure 6. Input Diode Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage.
Figure 7. Propagation Delay vs. Temperature.
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VCM
10 V 10% tr
90%
90% 10% tf
IF B
1 2 A 3
8 7 6 5
RCC (SEE NOTE 7) +5 V 220 0.1 F RL VO
0V
VO SWITCH AT A: IF = 0 mA VO SWITCH AT B: IF = 0.5 mA
5V
VFF 4
VOL +
VCM -
PULSE GEN.
Figure 8. Test Circuit for Transient Immunity and Typical Waveforms.
IF 0 VO (SATURATED RESPONSE) t PHL 1.5 V 1.5 V VOL t PLH I F MONITOR RM * CL IS APPROXIMATELY 15 pF, WHICH INCLUDES PROBE AND STRAY WIRING CAPACITANCE. 4 5 5V PULSE GEN. ZO = 50 t r = 5 ns IF 1 2 3 8 7 6 0.1 F * CL = 15 pF RL VO +5 V
10% DUTY CYCLE 1/f < 100 s
Figure 9. Switching Test Circuit.
Applications Information
Low-Power Operation Current Gain There are many applications where low-power isolation is needed and can be provided by the single-channel HCPL-4701, or the dual-channel HCPL-4731 lowpower optocouplers. Either or both of these two devices are referred to in this text as HCPL47XX product(s). These optocouplers are Agilent's lowest input current, low-power optocouplers. Low-power isolation can be defined as less than a milliwatt of input power needed to operate the LED of an
optocoupler (generally less than 500 A). This level of input forward current conducting through the LED can control a worst-case total output (Iol) and power supply current (Iccl) of two and a half milliamperes. Typically, the HCPL-47XX can control a total output and supply current of 15 mA. The output current, IO is determined by the LED forward current multiplied by the current gain of the optocoupler, IO = IF (CTR)/100%. In particular with the HCPL-47XX optocouplers, the LED can be driven with a very small IF of 40 A to control a maximum IO of 320 A
with a worst case design Current Transfer Ratio (CTR) of 800%. Typically, the CTR and the corresponding Iol, are 4 times larger. For low-power operation, Table 1 lists the typical power dissipations that occur for both the 3.3 Vdc and 5 Vdc HCPL-47XX optocoupler applications. These approximate power dissipation values are listed respectively for the LED, for the output VCC and for the opencollector output transistor. Those values are summed together for a comparison of total power dissipation consumed in either the 3.3 Vdc or 5 Vdc applications.
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Table 1. Typical HCPL-4701 Power Dissipation for 3 V and 5 V Applications
Power Dissipation (W) PLED PVcc PO-C[1] PTOTAL [2] VCC = 3.3 Vdc IF = 40 A IF = 500 A 50 625 65 330 20 10 135 W 965 W VCC = 5 Vdc IF = 40 A IF = 500 A 50 625 100 500 25 20 175 W 1,145 W
Notes: 1. RL of 11 k open-collector (o-c) pull-up resistor was used for both 3.3 Vdc and 5 Vdc calculations. 2. For typical total interface circuit power consumption in 3.3 Vdc application, add to P TOTAL approximately 80 W for 40 A (1,025 W for 500 A) LED current-limiting resistor, and 960 W for the 11 k pull-up resistor power dissipations. Similarly, for 5 Vdc applications, add to PTOTAL approximately 150 W for 40 A (1,875 W for 500 A) LED current-limiting resistor and 2,230 W for the 11 k pull-up resistor power dissipations.
Propagation Delay When the HCPL-47XX optocoupler is operated under very low input and output current conditions, the propagation delay times will lengthen. When lower input drive current level is used to switch the high-efficiency AlGaAs LED, the slower the charge and discharge time will be for the LED. Correspondingly, the propagation delay times will become longer as a result. In addition, the split-Darlington (open-collector) output amplifier needs a larger, pull-up load resistance to ensure the output current is within a controllable range. Applications that are not sensitive to longer propagation delay times and that are easily served by this HCPL47XX optocoupler, typically 65 s or greater, are those of status monitoring of a telephone line, power line, battery condition of a portable unit, etc. For faster HCPL-47XX propagation delay times, approximately 30 s, this optocoupler needs to operate at higher IF ( 500 A) and Io ( 1 mA) levels.
Applications
Battery-Operated Equipment Common applications for the HCPL-47XX optocoupler are within battery-operated, portable equipment, such as test or medical instruments, computer peripherals and accessories where energy conservation is required to maximize battery life. In these applications, the optocoupler would monitor the battery voltage and provide an isolated output to another electrical system to indicate battery status or the need to switch to a backup supply or begin a safe shutdown of the equipment via a communication port. In addition, the HCPL-47XX optocouplers are specified to operate with 3 Vdc CMOS logic family of devices to provide logicsignal isolation between similar or different logic circuit families. Telephone Line Interfaces Applications where the HCPL47XX optocoupler would be best used are in telephone line interface circuitry for functions of ring detection, on-off hook detection, line polarity, line presence and
supplied-power sensing. In particular, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) applications, as illustrated in Figure 10, can severely restrict the input power that an optocoupler interface circuit can use (approximately 3 mW). Figure 10 shows three isolated signals that can be served by the small input LED current of the HCPL-47XX dualand single-channel optocouplers. Very low, total power dissipation occurs with these series of devices. Switched-Mode Power Supplies Within Switched-Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) the less power consumed the better. Isolation for monitoring line power, regulation status, for use within a feedback path between primary and secondary circuits or to external circuits are common applications for optocouplers. Low-power HCPL-47XX optocoupler can help keep higher energy conversion efficiency for the SMPS. The block diagram of Figure 11 shows where low-power isolation can be used.
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TELEPHONE LINE ISOLATION BARRIER RECEIVE 2-WIRE ISDN LINE PROTECTION CIRCUIT TRANSMIT
HCPL-4731
LINE POLARITY LINE PRESENCE TELEPHONE LINE INTERFACE CIRCUIT SECONDARY/ EMERGENCY POWER VCC VCC - RETURN
PRIMARY-SECONDARY POWER ISOLATION BARRIER EMERGENCY POWER SECONDARY POWER
HCPL-4701
SWITCHED- MODE POWER SUPPLY
VAC PRIMARY
P0WER SUPPLY
NOTE: THE CIRCUITS SHOWN IN THIS FIGURE REPRESENT POSSIBLE, FUNCTIONAL APPLICATION OF THE HCPL-47XX OPTOCOUPLER TO AN ISDN LINE INTERFACE. THIS CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT DOES NOT GUARANTEE COMPLIANCE, CONFORMITY, OR ACCEPTANCE TO AN ISDN, OR OTHER TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARD, OR TO FCC OR TO OTHER GOVERNMENTAL REGULATORY AGENCY REQUIREMENTS. THESE CIRCUITS ARE RECOMMENDATIONS THAT MAY MEET THE NEEDS OF THESE APPLICATIONS. Agilent DOES NOT IMPLY, REPRESENT, NOR GUARANTEE THAT THESE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS ARE FREE FROM PATENT INFRINGEMENT.
Figure 10. HCPL-47XX Isolated Monitoring Circuits for 2-Wire ISDN Telephone Line.
ISOLATION BARRIER 115/230 VAC EMI FILTER AND CURRENT LIMITER RECTIFIER AND FILTER VO 2 GND 2
SWITCHING ELEMENT 1
CONTROL CIRCUIT
ERROR FEEDBACK VIA CNR200 SOFT START COMMAND
POWER SUPPLY FILTER CAPACITOR 1 1
HCPL-4701 2
INTERRUPT FLAG POWER DOWN
Figure 11. Typical Optical Isolation Used for Power-Loss Indication and Regulation Signal Feedback.
RECOMMENDED VCC FILTER 1 2 8 7 6 3 4 5 0.1 F + 100 10 F VCC RL VO
HCPL-4701 OR HCPL-4731
Figure 12. Recommended Power Supply Filter for HCPL-47XX Optocouplers.
15
Data Communication and Input/Output Interfaces In data communication, the HCPL-47XX can be used as a line receiver on a RS-232-C line or this optocoupler can be part of a proprietary data link with low input current, multi-drop stations along the data path. Also, this low-power optocoupler can be used within equipment that monitors the presence of highvoltage. For example, a benefit of the low input LED current (40 A) helps the input sections of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) monitor proximity and limit switches. The PLC I/O sections can benefit from low input current optocouplers because the total input power dissipation when monitoring the high voltage (120 Vac - 220 Vac) inputs is minimized at the I/O connections. This is especially important when many input channels are stacked together.
Circuit Design Issues
Power Supply Filtering Since the HCPL-47XX is a highgain, split-Darlington amplifier, any conducted electrical noise on the VCC power supply to this optocoupler should be minimized. A recommended VCC filter circuit is shown in Figure 12 to improve the power supply rejection (psr) of the optocoupler. The filter should be located near the combination of pin 8 and pin 5 to provide best filtering action. This filter will drastically limit any sudden rate of change of VCC with time to a slower rate that cannot interfere with the optocoupler. Common-Mode Rejection & LED Driver Circuits With the combination of a highefficiency AlGaAs LED and a high-gain amplifier in the HCPL47XX optocoupler, a few circuit techniques can enhance the common-mode rejection (CMR) of
this optocoupler. First, use good high-frequency circuit layout practices to minimize coupling of common-mode signals between input and output circuits. Keep input traces away from output traces to minimize capacitive coupling of interference between input and output sections. If possible, parallel, or shunt switch the LED current as shown in Figure 13, rather than series switch the LED current as illustrated in Figure 15. Not only will CMR be enhanced with these circuits (Figures 13 and 14), but the switching speed of the optocoupler will be improved as well. This is because in the parallel switched case the LED current is current-steered into or away from the LED, rather than being fully turned off as in the series switched case. Figure 13 illustrates this type of circuit. The Schottky diode helps quickly to discharge and pre-bias the LED in the off state. If a common-mode voltage across the optocoupler suddenly attempts to inject a current into the off LED anode, the Schottky diode would divert the interfering current to ground. The combination of the Schottky diode forward voltage and the Vol saturation voltage of the driver output stage (on-condition) will keep the LED voltage at or below 0.8 V. This will prevent the LED (off-condition) from conducting any significant forward current that might cause the HCPL-47XX to turn on. Also, if the driver stage is an active totem-pole output, the Schottky diode allows the active output pull-up section to disconnect from the LED and pull high. As shown in Figure 14, most active output driver integrated circuits can source directly the forward current needed to operate the LED of the HCPL-47XX optocoupler. The advantage of using the silicon diode in this circuit is to conduct charge out of
the LED quickly when the LED is turned off. Upon turn-on of the LED, the silicon diode capacitance will provide a rapid charging path (peaking current) for the LED. In addition, this silicon diode prevents commonmode current from entering the LED anode when the driver IC is on and no operating LED current exists. In general, series switching the low input current of the HCPL-47XX LED is not recommended. This is particularly valid when in a high common-mode interference environment. However, if series switching of the LED current must be done, use an additional pull-up resistor from the cathode of the LED to the input VCC as shown in Figure 15. This helps minimize any differential-mode current from conducting in the LED while the LED is off, due to a common-mode signal occurring on the input VCC (anode) of the LED. The commonmode signal coupling to the anode and cathode could be slightly different. This could potentially create a LED current to flow that would rival the normal, low input current needed to operate the optocoupler. This additional parallel resistor can help shunt any leakage current around the LED should the drive circuit, in the off state, have any significant leakage current on the order of 40 A. With the use of this parallel resistor, the total drive current conducted when the LED is on is the sum of the parallel resistor and LED currents. In the series circuit of Figure 15 with the LED off, if a common-mode voltage were to couple to the LED cathode, there can be enough imbalance of common-mode voltage across the LED to cause a LED current to flow and, inadvertently, turn on the optocoupler. This series, switching circuit has no protection against a negative-transition, input commonmode signal.
VCC
+
4.7 F
0.1 F R1
V - VF R1 = CC IF FOR VCC = 5 Vdc, IF = 40 A R1 = 91 k (TYPICAL) R1 = 75 k (WORST CASE)
R1 = VOH - VF IF
*
FOR VCC = 5 Vdc, IF = 40 A R1 = 36 k (TYPICAL) R1 = 30 k (WORST CASE)
*
ACTIVE OUTPUT OR OPEN COLLECTOR HCPL-47XX
ACTIVE OUTPUT R1 HCPL-47XX
* USE ANY STANDARD SCHOTTKY DIODE.
* USE ANY SIGNAL DIODE.
Figure 13. Recommended Parallel LED Driver Circuit for HCPL-4701/-4731.
R1 = R2 = VCC - VF - VOL IF 0.8 V IOH MAX
Figure 14. Recommended Alternative LED Driver Circuit for HCPL-4701/-4731 .
VCC
+
4.7 F
0.1 F R1 R2
TOTAL DRIVE CURRENT USED: V - VF - VOL - VOL V ITOTAL = CC + CC R1 R2 FOR VCC = 5 Vdc, IF = 40 A R1 = 82 k (TYPICAL) R1 = 62 k (WORST CASE) R2 = 8.2 k AT IOH = 100 A ITOTAL = 640 A (TYPICAL) HCPL-47XX
ACTIVE OUTPUT OR OPEN COLLECTOR
Figure 15. Series LED Driver Circuit for HCPL-4701/-4731.
OUTPUT POWER - PS, INPUT CURRENT - IS
800 PS (mW) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 IS (mA)
TS - CASE TEMPERATURE - C
www.semiconductor.agilent.com Data subject to change. Copyright (c) 1999 Agilent Technologies Obsoletes 5965-6116E 5968-1086E (11/99)
Figure 16. Thermal Derating Curve, Dependence of Safety Limiting Value with Case Temperature per VDE 0884.

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